Oxalic Acid
Oxalic acid is an organic compound with the formula H2C2O4. This colorless crystalline solid is a dicarboxylic acid. In terms of acid strength, it is about 3,000 times stronger than acetic acid.
Oxalic acid is a reducing agent and its conjugate base, known as oxalate (C2O42), is a chelating agent for metal cations. Typically oxalic acid occurs as the dihydrate with the formula H2C2O4·2H2O.
Transparant, colourless crystals. Hazard: Toxic by inhalation and ingestion, strong irritant.
Uses: general metal and equipment cleaning, purifying agent and intermediate for many compounds.
Oxalic acid's main applications include cleaning or bleaching, Especially for the removal of rust (iron complexing agent), e.g. Bar Keepers Friend is an example of a household cleaner containing oxalic acid.
About 25% of produced oxalic acid is used as a mordant in dyeing processes.
It is used in bleaches, especially for pulpwood.
It is also used in baking powder.
|
COOH.2H2O |
OXALIC ACID |
| Molecular Formula | Mol Wt. 126 |
| APPEARANCE |
Fine colourless & Odourless prismatic crystals. (It has appearance of powder form.) |
| CHEMICAL COMPOSITION | |
| OXALIC ACID CONTENT % BY MASS | MIN 99.00% |
| SULPHETED ASH % BY MASS | MAX 0.15% |
| CHLORIDE (as CI) % BY MASS | MAX. 0.005% |
| SULPHETES (as SO4) % BY MASS | MAX 0.10% |
| IRON (as Fe) % BY MASS | MAX 0.05% |
| HEAVY DUTY METALS (as Pb) |
MAX 0.005% |
| SOLUBILITY | Soluble in water, water solution is clear & colourless. |
Oxalic Acid is a CHELATING AGENT for metal CATION.
OXALIC ACID is reducing agent
Oxalic Acid (H₂C₂O₄) is an organic acid commonly used in industrial cleaning, rust removal, and bleaching applications.
Basic Information:
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Chemical Name: Oxalic Acid
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Molecular Formula: H₂C₂O₄
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Molecular Weight: 90.03 g/mol
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CAS No.: 144-62-7
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HS Code: 29171110
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Appearance: White crystalline powder
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Solubility: Highly soluble in water
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pH (1% solution): ~1.3
Industrial Uses:
✔ Descaling Agent – Removes calcium carbonate, rust, and iron stains
✔ Metal Cleaning – Used for stainless steel and boiler cleaning
✔ Textile Industry – Bleaching and stain removal
✔ Wood Bleaching – Removes black water stains
✔ Leather Processing
✔ Water Treatment Chemicals
✔ Pharmaceutical intermediates
In Cleaning / CIP Applications:
Oxalic acid is effective for:
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Rust stain removal
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Iron oxide deposit cleaning
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Mineral scale removal
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Heat exchanger descaling
Typical concentration:
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2–10% solution depending on scale severity
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Often combined with surfactants and corrosion inhibitors.
Safety:
⚠ Corrosive and toxic if ingested
⚠ Use gloves, goggles, and proper ventilation
⚠ Avoid mixing with strong oxidizers
If you need formulation details (for descaler, rust remover, or CIP cleaner), tell me the application.
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Handling Procedure ::: ---
Donot contact with skin and eyes. May cause burns or irritation. Harmful if swallowed. Can be Neutralised by use Ammonia or Borax, or wash with water.
DO NOT allow solution to get into gloves or soak through clothing to skin.
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In humans, oxalic acid has an oral (lowest published lethal dose) of 600 mg/kg (human).
The main toxicity of oxalic acid is due to the precipitation of calcium oxalate in the kidneys when urine becomes supersaturated with respect to this salt. Oxalic acid is also a metabolism product of the degradation of ethylene glycol if accidentally ingested and, as such, directly represents a danger for the kidneys in case of glycol poisoning.
First Aid
IF SWALLOWED -Give 1 or 2 glasses of water and call for medical assistance immediately.
EYE CONTACT - Wash with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes; Get medical attention promptly.
